【禁聞】中國環境問題體現威權體制特點

【新唐人2011年4月5日訊】北京的空氣質量在2008年奧運會之前和之後，出現了改善和迅速回落。經濟學家表示，這透露出中共威權政治體制的特點。而環保人士所擔憂的中國目前面臨的嚴峻環境問題，也直接涉及到體制問題。

在2008年奧運會期間，北京花了100多億美元整治空氣污染，一度宣稱將北京空氣質量提高了30%。但在奧運會結束後一年，約60%的改善成果消失了。

這究竟是甚麼原因呢？由美國國家經濟研究局（National Bureau of Economic Research）發佈的一項研究報告認為，這透露出中共威權政治體制的特點。

為了在奧運前改善空氣指數，中共官方採取了龐大的措施，如：煤廠、鋼鐵廠和化工廠被關閉，機動車被限流，汽車排放標準被提高。《報告》的作者們說，空氣質量改善是一個長期的過程，很大程度上依賴於政府政策和個人自律。而北京的努力更為密集而且在相對較短的時間內實施，體現出“眼光遠不如民主政府長遠”的威權政府的特色。同時，這也正是改善成果消失的如此之快的原因。

不僅在空氣污染方面如此，長期致力於中國水資源問題調查研究的著名環保人士馬軍指出，中國面臨多重環境挑戰，環境污染，資源耗竭和生態惡化是其中最嚴峻的三大問題。

馬軍認為，中國目前具備了基本技術條件和資金，解決環境污染問題的關鍵在於企業和個人的動力和參與。他和其他一些環保志願者正嚐試通過“非政府組織”（NGO）介入的方式，監督企業在環保問題上的合作。

但事實上，在中共的現行體制下，中國大部分NGO還處在灰色地帶，很難界定甚麼程度會觸動官方的“雷區”。因此總有一層說不清、道不明的網，罩住了NGO的發展，艱難生存的草根NGO只能嚐試曲線破圍，根本無法奢望與政府建構夥伴或者監督關係，而NGO本應該發揮的社會作用也因此在中國社會受到很大的侷限。

新唐人記者尚燕、黃容綜合報導。

NGOs Expect No Support From CCP

Beijing』s air quality improved before 2008 Olympics,

but after that deteriorated again. Economists say

that this is characteristic of Chinese totalitarianism.

China』s current environmental issues

are directly related to CCP』s social system.

Beijing spent over USD10 billion to treat air pollution

during the 2008 Olympics and claimed

Beijing』s air quality had improved by 30%.

A year later, 60% of the improvement disappeared.

What is the reason? A report by

the U.S. National Bureau of Economic Research

said that this was characteristic of the CCP』s

(Chinese Communist Party』s) political system.

To improve the air index, Chinese authorities took

considerable measures, like closing off coal, steel

and chemical factories, restricting traffic

and raising emission standards. The report said,

that improving air quality is an ongoing process,

but Beijing』s efforts focused on short-term patches,

a characteristic of the totalitarian regime..

This is why improvements disappeared so quickly.

Besides air pollution, Ma Jun, a renowned water

conservation activist in China said that China faces

3 major problems: environmental pollution,

resources exhaustion and ecological deterioration.

Ma Jun noted that although China

has the basic knowledge and funds to treat pollution,

the key to success lies in encouraging enterprises

and individuals to participate.

He and other volunteers are currently

trying to monitor enterprises』 participation via NGOs.

Under the current social system of the CCP,

NGOs in China exist in a grey area and may step

on authorities』 』landmines』 at any time.

An invisible web limits the development of NGOs,

which often have to try and circumvent authorities

to achieve goals. NGOs expect no support from CCP

in monitoring businesses for environment protection.

The role of NGOs is being severely restricted.

NTD reporters Shang Yan and Huang Rong