【禁聞】中國經濟之禍：裙帶資本主義

【新唐人2011年5月25日訊】最近，路透社《熱點透視》專欄主編雨果.迪克森，發表了一篇分析中國經濟的文章。他認為，在當今中國，“太子黨”、官僚階級，以及國有企業的管理層這些“裙帶階層”，給中國經濟乃至中國社會帶來了非常大的禍害。下面，請看專家是怎麼分析這個現象的。

雨果.迪克森在這篇文章中，把在中國存在的裙帶階層分為：在社會經濟等級最頂端的“太子黨”、 其次是，用納稅人的錢或通過受賄過著暴富生活的“官僚”階級，以及，瓜分了國有企業經營成果的“管理層”。

謝田中國問題專家、美國南卡羅來納大學艾肯商學院教授：“在中國經常說，所有最重要的經濟領域，所有最重要的國營企業，從電力、銀行、金融、到無線通訊，手機通訊，通訊，還有計算機網絡，現在都是共產黨，也就是我們所說的“太子黨”在全面操控著。這對老百姓來說，是不公平的。

目前，在網絡上流傳著一個最新的“中國太子黨資產”排名。排在榜首的是中國中信集團董事長王軍，他是「前中共副主席」王震的兒子，公司市值7014億元；第二名是江澤民兒子江綿恆----中國網通創辦人，公司市值1666億元，此外，朱鎔基女兒朱燕來、前總理李鵬兒子李小鵬，女兒李小琳，和胡錦濤兒子胡海峰，以及溫家寶兒子溫雲松都榜上有名。

雨果.迪克森在文章中這樣描述“太子黨”：他們是重要黨政領導人的子女，通過人脈交易，成為千萬甚至億萬富豪。

草庵居士經濟時政評論家：“中國尤其像最近這幾年經濟發展，我們看到，整個經濟發展它並不是以公眾經濟、公共企業來發展，而相反，是由於大量的家族式企業，而這種家族企業又以利益集團，比如說太子黨、權貴階層相互關聯而造成更多的腐敗，整個經濟就會出現很多無謂的消耗。”

草庵居士認為，裙帶關係還會打破貧困階層、中下層甚至包括中產基層，想依靠公平競爭、靠實力來上升的通道，這與西方資本主義自由競爭的經濟體制是不相符的。他表示，“裙帶資本主義”會對中國的發展造成非常大的阻礙。

雨果.迪克森認為，中共當局其實很了解這些問題。但既得利益者希望維持現狀，與老百姓高漲的不滿情緒水火不容。

那麼，中共是否會對這些“圈內人”開刀，以平息民憤呢？

謝田：“這不可能。我們知道，中共這些太子黨在經濟領域興起，和在政治領域、軍事領域興起是同步的。中共到現在為止，第二代、第三代領導人他們自己這樣做，做為一個戰略目標，鞏固自己的權力，並且鞏固自己在持續，下臺以後還能繼續享有、保有特權，所以這是他們的自己切身利益所在，他們是不會對自己的孩子開刀的。”

草庵居士認為，中國的裙帶資本主義問題只能靠法制來解決，靠人治很難解決這些問題。

草庵居士：“所有這些問題要解決，完全要靠制度性來解決。當然，某一方面，比如說，會拿一些“示威”的事例，或者是他們已經『下臺的一些相關利益者』來解決問題，但是從根本上解決，我們要寄託於制度性，要寄託於全民的選舉和民眾公眾的監督。”

謝田和草庵居士都認為，中國的裙帶資本主義現象的根源在於中共的獨裁壟斷，而裙帶資本主義帶來的腐敗導致了巨大的貧富懸殊，而貧富分化會造成族群間的對立、階層間的對立，將會誘發重大的社會危機。

雨果.迪克森的文章也提到，中國經濟中既得利益氾濫，自由言論又被壓制，兩者結合成了爆炸性的混合物，跟穆巴拉克統治下的埃及相似。而「阿拉伯之春」的一個教訓就是，當民眾認為統治者及其親信在不當謀利時，他們就會躁動不安。

新唐人記者李靜、蕭宇採訪報導。

China』s 『Princelings』 Economy

Reuters Breakingviews columnist Hugo Dixon』s

recent article on China』s economy points out

that the “class” system in China

is causing inequality

and hurting the economy and society.

According to Hugo Dixon, China』s “class” system

operates on several levels: at the top

of the socio-economic scale are the “princelings,”

children of CCP』(Chinese Communist Party) officials;

then are bureaucrats, who enjoy luxury lifestyles

funded by the people』s taxes and bribes;

and finally those who run state-owned enterprises.

Prof. Xie Tian at University of South Carolina:

“In China, the most critical industries

and the most important enterprises,

from finance to telecommunication and Internet,

are all controlled by the CCP,

their so-called “princelings,”

which is very unfair to the people.”

The newest online ranking of China』s “princelings”

puts Wang Jun, son of former CCP vice-chairman

Wang Zhen, in first place. Wang Jun is a president

of the Citic Group, a company worth RMB701.4billion.

The second place is held by Jiang Zemin』s son

Jiang Mianheng, who founded China Unicom,

a company now worth RMB166.6 billion.

On the list are Zhu Rongji』s daughter Zhu Yanlai,

Li Peng』s son Li Xiaopeng and daughter Li Xiaolin,

Hu Jintao』s son Hu Haifeng,

and Wen Jiabao』s son Wei Yunsong.

Dixon described these “princelings”

as “children of important party officials,

who have become multimillionaires

by trading on their contacts.”

Analyst Caoan Jushi: “In recent years, we see

that China』s economic development is not based

on the growth of public companies,

but on large family enterprises. Such enterprises

are controlled by interest groups,

such as “princelings,” resulting in corruption

and wasteful consumption of economic resources.”

Caoan Jushi believes that interest groups

will also suppress working』 and even middle classes,

making it impossible to succeed by fair competition

as in Western capitalist development.

Therefore, “crony capitalism” is a great obstacle

to China』s development.

According to Hugo Dixon, the CCP is well aware

of these problems. But interest groups wish to keep

the current state against people』s interest.

Xie Tian: “It』s impossible. We all know

that the princelings economic success

is connected to their political and military power.

The CCP has continued such a pattern

through the second and third generation leaders

with the goal to strategically reinforce

and extend their power. It is of their own interest,

they』ll never take actions against their children.”

Caoan Jushi thinks China』s crony capitalism problem

can only be solved by law, not by the leaders.

Caoan Jushi: “All of these problems

require systematic solutions. Of course,

in certain cases, they may take actions against,

like some interest groups no longer in power;

but to solve these problems from their roots,

systematic and public supervision is needed.

Both Xie Tian and Caoan Jushi believe

that the cause of China』s crony capitalism lies

in the monopoly of the CCP. Such crony capitalism

results in great social gaps and conflicts,

which will trigger severe social crises.

Hugo Dixon wrote in his article:

“China』s economy is riddled with vested interests,

while free speech is suppressed.

This potentially explosive mixture sounds similar

to Hosni Mubarak』s Egypt…

One lesson from the Arab Spring is that

populations grow restless when they think rulers

and their cronies enrich themselves unfairly.”

NTD reporters Li Jing and and Xiao Yu