【禁聞】解決南海紛爭 雙邊？多邊？談不攏

【新唐人2011年6月16日訊】中國與越南和菲律賓關係，因南海主權問題進一步緊張，中共依然強調與當事國通過雙邊談判解決爭端。不過東南亞國家傾向於通過東盟10國多邊機制展開談判，讓多邊會談能為美國的參與打開大門。

6月13號，美國國會參議員韋伯說，他正在推出決議，呼籲中國在南中國海停止軍事行動，以多邊方式談判解決問題。中共外交部發言人洪磊星期二（6月14日）被問到如何回應這一決議案，和以多邊方式解決領土糾紛時，不點名的表示了不希望美國介入，

洪磊：“我們希望南海爭議的非當事國，切實尊重當事國通過直接談判解決爭議的努力。”

不過，隨著最近南海主權衝突事件變得越來越頻繁，導致多數身為“當事國”的東南亞國家，紛紛敦促美國繼續參與東南亞事務。就目前的紛爭，越南已經表示：歡迎一切為維護南海海域和平與穩定的國際社會的努力。

其他東南亞國家也傾向於通過東盟10國多邊機制展開談判，因為多邊會談能為美國的參與打開大門。

南海是世界上最繁忙的海上通道之一，且藴藏有豐富的資源。近年來隨著衝突事件頻繁發生，東南亞國家對中共在這海域行動的抨擊聲音也愈發響亮。這次糾紛被法國媒體形容為“南海突然發燒”，糾紛的源頭，是5月末，中國船只在越南經濟特區內，割斷在海域作業的越南石油勘測船的勘探纜線；菲律賓抗議中共在安塘灘(Amy Douglas Bank)竪立柱子、設置浮標和留置建築材料等等。

中共為甚麼在目前突然採取引發衝突的一些行為呢？評論員李天笑認為，背後有深刻的原因。

李天笑：“現在中國國內的群體抗暴事件風起雲湧，因此中共感到非常恐懼，就要用在國外的事件轉移視線，南海就成為了一個重要的棋子。再有一個就是石油，石油一直是中共所需要的，是為了支撐他的經濟GDP的發展，給他政權打上一個光環，它要用經濟上的發展，來支撐他的所謂的執政合法性，那麼在這種情況下，石油就成了一個非常關鍵的因素。”

《路透社》的分析文章說，東南亞各國無法挑戰中國的軍力，但也不甘於就此屈服，喪失接近南海海岸線的領土。將這個爭端國際化，包括鼓勵美軍在這海域的存在，不失為保護這些國家利益的一個辦法。

不過，中共對越南星期一舉行的海上實彈演習卻做出了比較溫和的評論，只表示北京希望各方為地區的和平和穩定做出更多努力。另外，中共也對另一個南海爭端國家－－菲律賓總統發出訪華邀請。有評論認為，這顯示了中共向各國表示和平與外交解決爭端的信息。但也有一些國際評論認為，中國正在通過向菲律賓示好而孤立越南，從而達到各個擊破分而治之的戰略。

美國並沒有直接介入南中國海的領土爭議，但美國官員表示保護這個地區的航海自由符合華盛頓的利益。去年秋季，美國國務卿希拉里．克林頓曾呼籲中國和東盟國家舉行多邊談判，美國毛燧自薦希望充當多邊談判的調停人。而這正是中共所絕對不願意。

因此，雖然中共駐菲律賓大使劉建超日前表示，中國願擱置爭議，展開合作。不過，連如何展開談判本身都是個問題，因為中共堅持雙邊，而東南亞國家傾向多邊。而合作更是遙遙無期的話題了。

新唐人記者尚燕、朱娣綜合報導。

South China Sea Dispute

South China Sea sovereignty issue has intensified

the relations between China, Vietnam and Philippines.

Chinese authorities (CCP) insists on bilateral talks

with other interested parties to solve the problem.

Yet, Southeast Asian states opt for multi-lateral talks

and they welcome the participation of the U.S.

On June 13, U.S. Senator Weber called on China

to stop its military actions in the South China Sea and

to use multi-lateral talks to resolve the issue instead.

CCP Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei

made implicit dissent against U.S. participation

when asked to respond to Weber』s proposal, on June 14.

Hong: We hope that countries that are not parties to

the dispute respect the efforts of the parties concerned

to resolve disputes through consultation.

As conflicts involving South Sea sovereignty increase,

the majority of Southeast Asian countries,

which are parties concerned, urge U.S. to participate.

Vietnam declared to welcome all global efforts to

help maintain peace and stability of South China Sea.

Other Southeast Asian nations favor multilateral talks,

which can open doors for the U.S. participation.

South China Sea has many busy shipping routes.

It is also rich in natural resource deposits.

In recent years, with frequent clashes with other states,

CCP has been denounced for its moves in the region.

French media calls it a “sudden fever of South Sea”.

The dispute was triggered by an incident in late May.

Chinese ships cut off cables of Vietnamese vessels

in the Vietnamese economic special zone.

Also, the Philippines objected to CCP』s establishing

buoy marks and leaving construction materials

on Amy Douglas Bank.

Critic Li Tianxiao says there are underlying reasons

to the conflicts triggered by CCP』s sudden actions.

Li Tianxiao: CCP schemed to cause a diversion

from the recent growing domestic high-profile riots.

So, the dispute became an important pawn in its game.

Furthermore, as oil is vital to CCP』s GDP growth,

which supports the legality of CCP』s rule,

oil has become a key element.

Reuters analyzed, despite lack of military power,

Southeast Asian countries refuse to submit to China

and yield their territories bordering South China Sea.

Internationalizing the dispute can encourage

the presence of the U.S. military in the region,

so their interests will not be compromised easily.

However, CCP commented moderately on

Vietnam』s missile exercise in South Sea on Monday,

saying that Beijing hopes all parties to strive for peace.

CCP has also invited the Pilipino president for a visit.

Some commentators regard it as a sign of CCP』s

use of diplomacy to resolve the issue.

Others regard it as CCP』s isolation of Vietnam

by seeking an alliance with the Philippines,

to the aim of crushing them both, one by one.

The U.S. hasn』t directly intervened in the dispute.

However, officials say that it』s in the U.S. interests

to protect the freedom of navigation in this region.

In last fall, U.S. States Secretary Hilary Clinton

appealed to China to take part in ASEAN talks.

The U.S. volunteered to serve as a conciliator,

which was against the CCP』s wishes.

Liu Jianchao, the CCP ambassador to the Philippines,

said China wishes to put the dispute aside

and start cooperation with other nations.

However, the talks are problematic to start,

as CCP』s insists on bilateral talks, whereas

other Southeast Asian nations favor multi-lateral talks.

NTD reporters Shang Yan and Zhu Di