【新唐人2011年7月12日訊】據中國社科院統計資料，去年（2010年）新生代農民工人數已接近一億人，這些新農民工在城市化大潮中屢遭排斥，收入差距大，心理失去平衡，使他們犯罪率不斷上升，光是去年犯罪案件就佔了全國城市刑事案件的三分之一。北京憲政學者陳永苗指出，這是城市化的矛盾，歸根究底還是體制出了問題。
廣西有一個被人稱為「砍手黨山村」的地方，因為村民曾經在鬧市犯下數起“砍手”搶劫案件，而震驚社會。據說全村二千多人就有一百多人因搶劫入獄。才剛出獄的村民閉文星，接受媒體訪問時說出他犯案的原因。他說，五年前他在深圳公明馬田村工作時，因為老闆拖欠他工資，扣押他的身份證，他一怒之下將老闆給殺了。一時的衝動讓他付出了五年的寶貴時光。
究竟是甚麼原因，新農民工難以融入城市，甚至鋌而走險犯下一樁樁的刑事案件？
北京憲政學者陳永苗：「城市一直以來城市化，把農村裡面的青年人挪到城市來，但是城市又沒辦法提供一個非常適當的職業，也沒有提供發展機會給這些農村裡面的人，所以他就變成要通過一個非法手段去綁架啊、砍手啊，去把農村裡的人變成城市裡的黑社會，有黑社會的處境，我覺得還是取決於貧富差距化和城市化矛盾。」
據《法制日報》報導，新生代農民工受教育程度普遍不高，也缺少一技之長，很多人只能從事保安、服務員、送快遞以及建築工等勞動力大，薪水又低的工作。他們的年收入大多在1萬5千元到2萬元之間，收入差距大導致心理失去平衡而犯罪。
報導中還提到，農民進城後，身份上的錯位，使他們失去了參與社會活動的正式身份，長期游離在正式組織之外。當自己的權益受到侵害時，農民工要麼忍氣吞聲，要麼依靠自建的“老鄉會”、“兄弟會”等組織，以暴力違法的手段維權。當這些自發組織也解決不了他們的問題時，就會轉向黑社會組織求助，因此埋下犯罪的隱患。
陳永苗（北京憲政學者）：「這些進城的農民工結社、言論、出版自由等，各種政治權利是很重要的，這是我說第一，第二個，一個是我覺得要大規模提高中國農民工以及城市裡的農民工收入，工資是需要大規模提高的，我覺得這二點非常重要。」
而造成農民工犯罪亂象的原因，大陸訪民張先生認為，是法制不健全，造成城鄉貧富差距過大。
訪民張先生：「法律在黨的領導下，一切由黨說的算，司法不獨立，能夠解決這問題嘛。」
張先生說，要改變這個局勢就要解決所謂「社會公平」的問題，和法治獨立與健全的問題。
新唐人記者代靜、李庭、周昕屹採訪報導。
“Thief Village” Created by Urbanization
According to statistics of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,
in 2010, the population of the new generation of migrant
workers is already close to a million.
They have been repeatedly excluded from
China』s great wave of urbanization.
There is a large income disparity between them and the urban residents.
As a result, some suffer from psychological problems,
so their crime rate keeps on rising. In 2010,
crimes committed by migrant workers accounted
for 1/3 of total urban crimes.
Beijing-based constitutional scholar Chen Yongmiao pointed out
that this is due to urbanization conflicts.
The underlying cause is the current system.
In Guangxi Province, there is a "hand-cut party village".
It is so named as many of its villagers have committed "cut hand" robberies that shocked the community.
Out of the 2,000 villagers, over a hundred have been jailed for robbery.
The recently released villager Bi Wenxing explained his motive in an interview.
Five years ago, he was working in Ming Ma Village in Shenzhen.
As his boss owed him wages and seized his identity card, he killed the boss in a rage.
This impulsive act sent him to prison for five years.
What causes the difficulty for the new migrant workers to integrate into the city, and to even commit crimes?
Constitutional scholar Chen Yongmiao: Urbanization has moved the rural youth to the cities.
However, the cities are unable to provide suitable jobs or development opportunities for them.
As a result, some of them tried to form underground societies in the cities through kidnapping, etc.
I think this is caused by the wealth gap and urbanization conflicts.
According to mainland Legal Daily,
the new generation of migrant workers generally doesn』t have a high educational level and also lacks skills.
Many of them can only work on low-pay menial jobs as security guards, waiters, construction workers, etc.
Their annual income ranges from RMB 15,000 to 20,000.
The income gap between them and the locals lead to their psychological problems and crimes.
Also, after migrant workers come into the cities, they lose their opportunities to participate in social activities.
They don』t belong to any formal organization.
When their rights are infringed,
they either have to suffer in silence or rely on self-created fraternities to protect their rights through violence and illegal means.
When these organizations fail to solve their problems,
they would turn to the mafia to ask for help, leading to future problems.
Beijing-based constitutional scholar Chen Yongmiao:
First, the political rights, such as the rights to association, speech freedom and press freedom are important to the migrant workers.
Second, I think we need to increase their income by a large amount.
Both points are very important.
Petitioner Mr. Zhang believes,
the reasons for chaos created by migrant workers are the imperfect legal system and the large rural-urban income gap.
Petitioner Mr. Zhang: The law is led by the party, which controls all.
The judiciary system is not independent, and it cannot solve the problems.
Mr. Zhang said that to change this situation, we must solve the issues of so-called "social justice", rule of law, and judiciary independence.
NTD reporters Dai Jing, Li Ting and Zhou Xin Yi
