【禁聞】法律管不住的紅頭文件

【新唐人2011年9月27日訊】近期，黑龍江省直屬機關工會工作委員會，下發的一份紅頭文件，再次曝光中國越整治越成問題的「紅頭文件」問題。

《關於省直機關2011年啓動慈善「一日捐」活動的通知》是黑龍江省直屬機關工會工作委員會近期下發的紅頭文件。文件中寫道，「本著自願的原則，希望廣大黨員和幹部職工踴躍捐款，一般按照省級領導幹部400元、廳級領導幹部300元、處級幹部200元、處級以下職工100元為參考標準。」

政府組織的「慈善」一日捐變成「攤派」式強行捐款，許多機關人員表示很無奈。網友「風之華爾茲」留言，我就是黑龍江人，這種事是非常普遍的，而且已經存在了幾十年，沒有自願捐款，直接在工資裡扣。就是強迫。

紅頭文件中要求，捐款75%返還給捐款單位，20%上交省慈善總會統籌使用，5%用於省直基金會機動使用。「被捐款」的公務員提出質疑：為甚麼有75％要返還單位？返還款項用到哪裏去了？如何監督？

網友「何必認真」説，如果捐款真的全額用到需要幫助的人身上，我想大家還是能接受的，關鍵是捐款的去向不明，制度的缺失也許將導致慈善事業的崩盤。

中共各級機關奇怪的紅頭文件層出不窮，例如，為了吸引投資，河南沁陽市3年出臺了5個紅頭文件，其中規定，投資5000萬以上的外地客商可享受在本地開車違法不罰款、娛樂場所消費不受查、子女就學不審核等12項優厚待遇。

紅頭文件原本是僅次於法律、法規、規章的政府文件，但深諳中共黨政部門行事規則的人們都知道：「黑頭（法律）管不住紅頭（文件），紅頭管不住無頭（領導指示）。」

北京市博聖律師事務所律師韓一村：「從法律上它不合法。中國是一個一黨專政的國家，在具體事情上，可能它就發紅頭文件來代替法律的規定。這屬於違法行為。」

幾年前，河北省保定市政府想方設法制定所謂「文件」，向企業吃、拿、卡、要，導致保定市2000多家企業大規模外遷。

「權利運動」組織發起人之一胡軍：「這個體制就不是法制的一個社會，它本身就是一個獨裁統治。為了維護他們能夠繼續貪得無厭的去欺壓和搶劫老百姓的財產，所以就說穩定壓倒一切，而法律甚麼都可以不要，任何人，只要是他手中有權力，他就可以去解釋法律。」

資料顯示，1949年後，中共在全中國已經開展了12次法規規章清理活動，其中5次全面清理，6次專項清理。不過，這種運動式清理無法從根本上治理紅頭文件之亂，反而讓紅頭文件成為了體制內的痼疾。

韓一村律師：「中國不但專政，而且還獨裁。專政指的是一黨專政，獨裁指的是個人攬權。書記大權在握就形成了獨裁。當然如果要改變這種局面，還是要推動政治體制改革，來解決這個問題。讓人民真正擁有政治權利，讓人民決定執政黨。」

據國內媒體報導，中共國務院正在考慮擴大行政複議法的受案範圍。如果實現，對於那些有爭議的「紅頭文件」，權利受到影響的市民有望直接申請行政複議。學者指出，無論是事前備案，還是事後備案，主要由政府法制機構承擔，由於各個部門間在利益上的共同體關係，監督制約難免流於形式。

胡軍：「這個東西根除是一個很簡單的道理，就是解體這個獨裁統治。如果這個獨裁不結束的話，站在這個體制裡的每一個人的生命都會受到威脅。每一個人都是受害者，哪怕是胡錦濤和溫家寶，他同樣，當他失去權力地位的時候，那麼他的生命就會受到威脅。」

新唐人記者朱善智、尚燕、張健採訪報導。

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Red Tape Above Laws?

Recently, a red tape issued by the worker union』s

committee of Heilongjiang Province』s direct authorities

has exposed the growing issues

of the “red tape” practices in China.

"Notice on launching 『Donation Day』 charity event

by the provincial authorities in 2011" is a red tape,

issued by the worker union』s committee

of Heilongjiang Province』s authorities.

It states, “Based on voluntary principles, the party members,

cadres and workers are expected to donate actively.

In general, consider the reference standard below:

RMB400 for provincial cadres,

RMB300 for department-level cadres,

RMB200 for a division-level cadres, and RMB100 for under division-level cadres and workers.”

The “Charity” Donation Day organized by the government

has become a forced donation in "assessed" form. Many governmental workers say that they are helpless.

Netizen Feng zhi Huaerzi wrote: “I am from

Heilongjiang province. These things are very common.

And they existed for decades. It』s not voluntary donation.

They take it directly from your wage. We are forced.”

The red tape says that 75% of the donation will go

to donating departments, 20% to the Provincial Charity,

for coordinating the process, and 5% will go

to the provincial Foundation for mobility use.

The donating civil servants ask, why 75% of the donation

returns to the donating departments?

What is the donation going to be used for?

How can this be supervised?

Netizen Hebi Renzheng wrote, if all the donation is totally

used for the people who need help, I think we will accept it.

The key is that it is unclear where is the donation going.

The lack of policy will also lead to collapse of the charity.

There is an endless line of strange red tapes by various

authorities of the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

For example, in order to attract investment,

the city of Qingyang, Henan issued 5 red tapes in 3 years.

Some state that the foreign merchants with investment

of RMB50 million will not be fined for illegal driving,

will not be investigated in entertainment places,

will not be audited for their children』s study and so on, listing 12 such favorable treatments.

The red tapes were originally governmental documents,

inferior to laws, regulations and rules.

However, a well versed person in the CCP』s rules knows

that the laws cannot control the red tapes,

and that the red tapes cannot control

the official』s orders.

Han Yicun, a lawyer from Bosheng law firm in Beijing,

said: “It』s illegal according to the law.

China is a country with one-party autocratic rule.

On specific matters it may issue red tapes

to overrule the law regulations.

These are all illegal actions.”

A few years ago in Baoding, Hebei Province, the government

tried to establish the so-called “official documents”,

demanding and requesting enterprises to pay for some of their

expenses, such as eating, gift and so on… This resulted in a large-scale exodus of 2000 enterprises.

Hu Jun (Founder, "Rights movement" organization):

"This system is not a society with a rule of law.

It is a dictatorship. In order to maintain their

Continuous greedy oppression and robbing of people,

they say that stability is above all, ignoring the laws.

Anyone with power can interpret the law their way."

Statistics show that after 1949, the CCP had carried out

clean-up activities of laws and regulations 12 times,

5 of which are comprehensive clean-ups

and 6 are special clean-ups.

Red tapes on the contrary have become

a chronic illness within the system.

Lawyer Han Yicun: “China has not only autocracy, but

dictatorship too. Autocracy refers to the one-party rule.

Dictatorship refers to concentration of power in individuals.

The secretary』s holding of big power forms the dictatorship.

Of course, if you want to change this situation, it needs

promotion of political reforms, as to address the problem.

Let the people really have political rights,

let the people decide on the ruling party.”

Media in China said that Chinese State Council considers

expanding the Administrative Review Law』 case scope.

If realized, on the issue of disputed “red tapes” citizens can

hopefully apply for administrative reconsideration directly.

Scholars point out that whether it』s pre-filed or post-filed,

it』s mainly undertaken by the governmental law institutions.

Because of the common interests among the departments,

the supervision and control will become a mere formality.

Hu Jun: "To eradicate this is to apply a very simple principle,

namely to disintegrate the dictatorship.

If the dictatorship does not end, everyone in this system

will continue suffering from it. Every one is a victim.

Even Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao.

After losing power, they will suffer from it just the same. "

NTD reporters Zhushan Zhi, Shang Yan and Zhang Jian